Like a lot of people pointed out such as Ian Tang, Kevin Chun and Jayden Min pointed out, this chapter is mainly about the development of our bodies from the 3 Germ layers: ectoderm (outer), endoderm (inner) , and mesoderm (middle). Here Shubin, also makes a point that connects to his previous chapters; he says, again, that we can trace our development back to animals as simple as the sea anaemoe which at first glance seems to have little to no connection with us, but with close observations, scientists have discovered similarities. This connects back to all the other chapters because, he stated earlier in the book that we started out as simple creatures, but as the earth changed, we also had to change to adapt and as a result, within many generations, our genes have been modified (to help us adapt) to create humans as we know them today.
I love the analogy that Shubin uses at the end of the development and progress of embryology is like a cake; it is so true! As I learned in 9th grade biology "the progression of science occurs when scientists build off of the discoveries of previous scientists"; this concept is illustrated through the experiments of Von Baer, Pander, Mangold, Ed Robertis, Martindale, and Finnerty as Von Baer and Pander ignited the following experiments with their observation of embryos and similarities among every single embryo with a body, Mangold hyped up public about when she discovered the Organizer, Ed Robertis revived the heat about the Organizer just as it was dying out and Martindale and Finnerty concluded this experiment by connecting our embryos and body structures to that of creatures who do not even present a near resemblance of humans such as an anemone.
- Ejay Yuan
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